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Abstracts and keywords
The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the state of metrology in Poland and the prospects for its further development. It focuses on nine key areas, such as: industrial metrology, chemical metrology, electrical metrology, physical metrology, medical metrology, optical metrology, geometric quantities metrology, coordinate metrology and legal metrology. The first chapter concerns industrial metrology and discusses, among others, a classic industrial plant, the role of metrological services, measurement laboratories and research and development departments. The main problems are identified and development directions in this area are presented. The second chapter focuses on chemical metrology and measurements of chemical quantities. A diagnosis of this area is presented in the aspect of entities, resources and methodology, as well as development directions in key areas (including health, environment, safety and energy) are identified. The third chapter is devoted to electrical metrology, taking into account both academic and industrial centers conducting research and development work. The scientific potential, human resources and equipment are analyzed. Development prospects of electrical metrology are discussed. The fourth chapter is related to physical metrology and covers issues related to energy, health, environmental protection and digital transformation. Particular attention is paid to the observation of climate change, monitoring of pollution and the use of artificial intelligence in data analysis. The fifth chapter focuses on medical metrology. Its application in diagnostics and therapy is described, taking into account ionizing radiation and non-radiological methods. Technical problems and needs in terms of equipment infrastructure are identified. The sixth chapter is devoted to optical metrology. Academic centers dealing with this area and their equipment resources are characterized. Global trends, e.g.: optics in materials engineering and experimental mechanics are presented, and the directions of development of national metrology are referred to them. The seventh chapter shows metrology of geometric quantities and describes national standards and presents the characteristics of measurements of such quantities. The integration of measurements with manufacturing processes and their role in energy as well as environmental protection is highlighted. The eighth chapter concerns coordinate metrology. The focus is on the precision of measurements in coordinate systems. National and international research projects, laboratory equipment and ISO standards are discussed, emphasizing scientific integration and infrastructure needs. The ninth chapter is related to legal metrology. It describes the legal framework and metrological control systems in Poland. Challenges related to digitalization and modern tools in legal metrology are presented. In conclusion, the paper is a detailed study of the state of metrology in Poland, indicating directions of development in line with global trends, including automation, digitalization and sustainable development. It is an important source of knowledge for scientists, industry and institutions responsible for the development of measurement systems.
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